{"id":5677,"date":"2023-08-17T16:04:32","date_gmt":"2023-08-17T13:04:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/?p=5677"},"modified":"2024-08-19T13:55:57","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T10:55:57","slug":"ceras","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/2023\/08\/17\/ceras\/","title":{"rendered":"Cera\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cera\u015f Antik Kenti (Jerach\/Gerasa)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Amman’a yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 saat mesafede bulunan Cera\u015f antik kenti, 6500 y\u0131ldan daha eskilere uzanan kesintisiz bir insan yerle\u015fimi yeri olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 64 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma fethinden sonra \u015fehir alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve Roma’n\u0131n Suriye eyaletinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015f. Decapolis Birli\u011fi’nin on b\u00fcy\u00fck Roma kentinden biridir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u015eehir, yaln\u0131zca verimli topraklar\u0131 nedeniyle de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Petra ve Cera\u015f \u00e7evresinde dola\u015fan Nebatiler ile yap\u0131lan ticaret nedeniyle de geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Cera\u015f en \u00e7ok, yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun in\u015fa edildi\u011fi ve \u015fehrin son \u015feklini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 1. ve 7. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda en parlak d\u00f6neminde Cera\u015f’ta 20.000 ki\u015fi ya\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Kentin gerilemesi 747 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki depremle yak\u0131ndan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r ve bu y\u0131llarda hen\u00fcz terk edilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi buray\u0131 terk etmi\u015f ve Cera\u015f \u00f6nemini kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ha\u00e7l\u0131 garnizonuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclen Cera\u015f, daha sonra tamamen terk edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Restore edilmeden \u00f6nce y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca kumlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde sakl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015f \u015fehir 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da ba\u015flamas\u0131yla yeniden ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Genel olarak d\u00fcnyadaki en iyi korunmu\u015f Roma \u015fehirlerinden biri ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n

Cera\u015f; taban\u0131 d\u00f6\u015feli ve s\u00fctunlu caddeler, y\u00fcksek alanlarda tap\u0131naklar, b\u00fcy\u00fck tiyatrolar, geni\u015f meydanlar, hamamlar, \u00e7e\u015fmeler ve \u015fehir surlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

Greko-Romen g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda Cera\u015f, do\u011fu ve bat\u0131n\u0131n ince bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da koruyor. Mimarisi, dini ve dilleri; iki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn (Akdeniz havzas\u0131n\u0131n Greko-Romen d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve Arap Do\u011fu’nun kadim gelenekleri) i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ve bir arada var oldu\u011fu bir s\u00fcreci yans\u0131t\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hadrian Kap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Antik \u015fehre Hadrian Kap\u0131s\u0131’ndan giriyoruz.\u00a0Giri\u015f 10 JOD.<\/p>\n

Bu ihti\u015faml\u0131 kap\u0131 M.S. 129’da \u0130mparator Hadrian’\u0131n Cera\u015f’a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziyareti anmak i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. (Hadrianus Be\u015f \u0130yi \u0130mparator’un \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr ve Stoac\u0131 felsefecidir.)<\/p>\n

Marianos Kilisesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kap\u0131dan girdikten sonra hemen sa\u011fda bulunan kilise kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kitabesinde M.S. 570 y\u0131l\u0131nda Piskopos Marianos d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tabula ansata denen kitabe (yaz\u0131t), yerde, apsise \u00e7\u0131kan basama\u011f\u0131n hemen \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Kilise muhtemelen 6. ve 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, yolun kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndaki Hipodrom harabelerine yerle\u015fmi\u015f bir grup zanaatkar, \u00e7\u00f6mlek\u00e7i, boyac\u0131 ve aileleri taraf\u0131ndan veya onlar i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hipodrom<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kap\u0131dan girildikten sonra sol tarafta bulunuyor. 245×52 metre boyutlar\u0131ndaki arena, araba yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve di\u011fer sporlar i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 anda 15.000 seyirciyi a\u011f\u0131rlayabiliyormu\u015f. M.S. 2.-3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hipodromun g\u00fcney taraf\u0131nda yer alan ve \u00fczerlerinde tak\u0131mlar\u0131n takdis sunaklar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu 10 tonozlu h\u00fccre, kap\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131lana kadar sava\u015f arabalar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 bekledikleri yerlerdir.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fu taraf\u0131nda izleyici standlar\u0131 (cavea) yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hipodromun yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra (3.-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) yap\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin temellerinin yetersiz olmas\u0131 ve yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n getirdi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcklere dayanamamas\u0131 nedeniyle ilk hasarlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve art\u0131k araba yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yap\u0131lam\u0131yor. Bunun yerine \u00e7anak \u00e7\u00f6mlek at\u00f6lyeleri, tabakhaneler ve di\u011fer ticarethaneler, seyirci standlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki mahzenlere yerle\u015fiyor. B\u00f6ylece o zamanlar hipodrom, \u015fehrin \u00fcretim alan\u0131 haline geliyor.<\/p>\n

7. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, son kullan\u0131c\u0131lar da Hipodromu terk ediyor.<\/p>\n

7. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda bu odalardan ikisine iki y\u00fczden fazla veba kurban\u0131n\u0131n toplu g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Roma Ordusu ve Sava\u015f Arabas\u0131 Deneyimi (RACE) taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenli olarak yap\u0131lan g\u00f6sterilerde, gladyat\u00f6rlerin ve arabac\u0131lar\u0131n kalabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnler yeniden ya\u015fat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Kap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hadrian Kap\u0131s\u0131’na benziyor. \u00dc\u00e7 kemerli s\u00fctunlu bir kap\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eehre do\u011fru ilerliyoruz.<\/p>\n

Forum (Oval Plaza)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Muhte\u015fem plaza, giri\u015fe \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir konumda bulunuyor. \u015eehrin simgesi olan meydan oval \u015fekli ile de e\u015fsiz.<\/p>\n

Geni\u015f bir kald\u0131r\u0131m ve M.S. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait \u0130yonik s\u00fctunlardan olu\u015fan revaklarla \u00e7evrilidir.<\/p>\n

\u015eehrin ana caddesi olan Cardo Maximus vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile Zeus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131’na ba\u011flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Zeus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. y\u00fczy\u0131lda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Tiyatro<\/strong><\/p>\n

M.S. 90-92 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130mparator Domitian d\u00f6neminde in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. 2 bin ki\u015filik bir tiyatro. Tiyatronun akusti\u011fi m\u00fckemmel.<\/p>\n

Tiyatroya girer girmez foto\u011fraf konusunda iyi oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m (evvelki tecr\u00fcbelerimden) bir yerli adam etraf\u0131m\u0131zda dolanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Vefa’ya “bu i\u015fi ona b\u0131rakal\u0131m” dedim. Adam bizi d\u00f6nd\u00fcre d\u00f6nd\u00fcre foto\u011fraflar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Tabii sonunda bah\u015fi\u015fini verdik. Ortaya b\u00f6yle foto\u011fraflar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Oval Plaza’dan Zeus Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcney Tiyatro<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u00fctunlu Cadde (Cardo Maximus)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zemini hala orijinal ta\u015flarla d\u00f6\u015feli, etraf\u0131 s\u00fctunlarla \u00e7evrili cadde 800 metre uzunlu\u011funda.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fczel antik kentte daha gezilecek yerler vard\u0131. Ancak biz bu kadarla kald\u0131k. Bizim Efes’imiz var \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cera\u015f Antik Kenti (Jerach\/Gerasa) Amman’a yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 saat mesafede bulunan Cera\u015f antik kenti, 6500 y\u0131ldan daha eskilere uzanan kesintisiz bir insan yerle\u015fimi yeri olmu\u015f. M.\u00d6. 64 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma fethinden sonra \u015fehir alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve Roma’n\u0131n Suriye eyaletinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmu\u015f. Decapolis Birli\u011fi’nin on b\u00fcy\u00fck Roma kentinden biridir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5685,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[779],"tags":[706,707,339,709,693,690,710,708,591],"class_list":["post-5677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ceras","tag-ceras","tag-corda-maximus","tag-gezilecek-yerler","tag-hadrian-kapisi","tag-jerach","tag-jordan","tag-marianos","tag-oval-plaza","tag-zeus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5677"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5687,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5677\/revisions\/5687"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}