{"id":2610,"date":"2018-06-07T16:12:57","date_gmt":"2018-06-07T13:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/?p=2610"},"modified":"2024-08-19T13:56:45","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T10:56:45","slug":"potsdam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/2018\/06\/07\/potsdam\/","title":{"rendered":"Potsdam"},"content":{"rendered":"

4. G\u00fcn: 1 May\u0131s 2018\u00a0Sal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Almanya Berlin gezimizin 4. g\u00fcn\u00fc Potsdam’a gidiyoruz.<\/p>\n

Brandenburg eyaletinin ba\u015fkenti Potsdam, Berlin’in 40 kilometre g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131nda, Havel Nehri ve Heiliger G\u00f6l\u00fc k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan saraylar ve parklar\u0131yla cennetten bir k\u00f6\u015fe.<\/p>\n

Potsdam, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 listesinde bulunan bir \u015fehir.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Potsdam, 1918’e kadar Prusya Krallar\u0131’n\u0131n ve Alman Kaiser’inin ikametgah\u0131 olmas\u0131 sebebiyle tarihi g\u00fczel binalara da sahip bir \u015fehir ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n

Berlin’den Potsdam’a ula\u015f\u0131m\u00a0 S Bahn (S 7) ile sa\u011flan\u0131yor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 45 dakika s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Potsdam’\u0131 gezmek g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in bisiklet kullanman\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz ve trenden iner inmez gardaki bisiklet\u00e7iden bisiklet kiral\u0131yoruz. B\u00f6ylece \u015fehirde bir \u00e7ember \u00e7izerek gezece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda buray\u0131 gezmek ve keyfini \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in bir tam g\u00fcn ay\u0131rmak gerekiyor. Biz h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7ekimde yar\u0131m g\u00fcnde halletmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Parklar\u0131, nehirleri, g\u00f6lleri ve binalar\u0131 ile k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir peyzaj b\u00f6lgesi Potsdam 1730 ve 1916 aras\u0131nda tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ve in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Potsdam’da \u015fehri yaratan ilk estetik dokunu\u015f I. Friedrich zaman\u0131nda oluyor.\u00a0 <\/span>1713 y\u0131l\u0131nda, “Asker Kral\u0131” lakapl\u0131\u00a0 \u00a0 I. Friedrich William kasabaya askeri taburlar getirerek \u015fehir n\u00fcfusunu artt\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Potsdam’\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu batakl\u0131k araziydi ve kral, bu inat\u00e7\u0131 topraklarda in\u015faat i\u00e7in Hollanda’dan i\u015f\u00e7iler getirtti ve onlara bir mahalle kurdu. (\u00dcnl\u00fc Hollanda Mahallesi).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu geni\u015fleme d\u00f6neminde birka\u00e7 kap\u0131yla birlikte bir sur duvar\u0131 in\u015fa edildi.<\/span>\u00a0Orta\u00e7a\u011f duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, bu koruma ama\u00e7l\u0131 de\u011fil, daha ziyade firarlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve vergilerin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7indi.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

O\u011flu II.\u00a0<\/span>Friedrich (B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich, filozof Kral) 1740 y\u0131l\u0131nda tahta \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Potsdam manzaras\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llarca s\u00fcren bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015flatt\u0131.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

1745-1747 Sanssouci Saray\u0131’n\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>1714’ten beri Kraliyet Ah\u0131rlar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan eski Orangerie (Limonluk) 1746’da geni\u015fletildi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra IV. Friedrich William, peyzaj mimar\u0131 Peter J. Lenne’yi kale bah\u00e7elerini olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in getirdi. Lenne, Frans\u0131z esintileri ve ba\u011f tarz\u0131 teraslar\u0131yla Sanssouci Saray\u0131’n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen parka ye\u015fil tonu getirmesiyle tan\u0131n\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu \u015fehir \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok etkili olan iki kral\u0131; I. Friedrich ve o\u011flu b\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich’i (Filozof Kral) \u0130bter Ortayl\u0131’n\u0131n anlat\u0131m\u0131 ile tan\u0131yal\u0131m:<\/p>\n

(B\u00fcy\u00fck) Friedrich kadar Alman olan bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez ama Frans\u0131zca yazar ve konu\u015furdu. K\u00f6t\u00fc Almancas\u0131n\u0131 ise sadece komuta vermek ve askerleri azarlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. \u00d6v\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Frans\u0131zcas\u0131n\u0131, tapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 adam, m\u00fcr\u015fidi Voltaire ara s\u0131ra k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmser ve ikisi bu y\u00fczden meyhane arkada\u015flar\u0131 gibi kavga ederlerdi. I. Friedrich Wilhelm\u2019in (B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich’in babas\u0131), hepsinin de ad\u0131 Wilhelm veya Friedrich olan \u00f6b\u00fcr Prusya krallar\u0131ndan bir fark\u0131 vard\u0131; orduyu kuvvetlendirmek. Bunun i\u00e7in biraz g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7 ka\u00e7an, her yerden uzun boylu asker dev\u015firmek yan\u0131nda, memleketi sanayile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ak\u0131ll\u0131ca bir tedbir olarak Fransa\u2019n\u0131n att\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Protestanlar\u0131 Almanya\u2019ya doldurmak oldu. \u201cHugenot\u201dlar dedi\u011fimiz bu kalabal\u0131k ve e\u011fitimli Frans\u0131zlar gelecek \u00fc\u00e7 as\u0131rdaki Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ustas\u0131, m\u00fchendisi, \u00f6\u011fretmeni, filozofu, hekimi ve eczac\u0131s\u0131 oldular.
\nTek varisinin kral\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rtan bir taraf\u0131 vard\u0131: Askerlik ve erkek\u00e7e spor olan ava \u00e7ok merakl\u0131 de\u011fildi. Bir keresinde o\u011flan\u0131 \u00f6yle bir ha\u015flad\u0131 ki h\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 alamad\u0131, k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekip az kals\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyordu.\u00a0 B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich Avrupa saraylar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde en gaddar ve ac\u0131mas\u0131z komutan oydu ama Ayd\u0131nlanma devrinin de \u00f6nde gelen bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar portresiydi. Roma devrinden beri me\u015fru bir sorgulama y\u00f6ntemi olan i\u015fkenceyi yasaklad\u0131. S\u00f6z h\u00fcrriyetine m\u00fcdahale etmedi. Bas\u0131m \u00f6ncesi sans\u00fcr\u00fc kald\u0131rd\u0131, teb\u00e2s\u0131na dini serbestli\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1. Eski Pazar Alan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Potsdam’\u0131n merkezi par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Eski Pazar, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda Havel nehri yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Roma meydan\u0131 olarak B\u00fcy\u00fck Frederick taraf\u0131ndan tasarland\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. Fortunaportal (\u015eans Kap\u0131s\u0131) ve Brandenburg Parlamentosu<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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1701 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hollandal\u0131 mimar Jean de Bodt\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan Potsdam \u015eehri\u00a0Saray\u0131’na giri\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131 olarak ve I. Friedrich’in ta\u00e7 giyme merasimi vesilesiyle tasarland\u0131.<\/span>\u00a0O zamandan beri klasik Potsdam mimarisinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olarak kabul edildi.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span>1945’da \u0130ngiliz bombard\u0131man u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ile a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/span>\u00a01950’lerin sonunda devlet ve parti lideri Ulbricht \u015fehir saray\u0131n\u0131 ve Fortunaportal’\u0131 y\u0131kmaya karar verdi.<\/span>\u00a0B\u00fct\u00fcn topluluk y\u0131k\u0131lacakt\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yeni bir sosyalist \u015fehrin kentsel mimarisine uymuyordu.<\/span> \u015eiddetli protestolara ra\u011fmen bu plan Kas\u0131m 1959’da Halk\u0131n Odas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan onayland\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Fortunaportal in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yeni parlamento binas\u0131 burada in\u015fa edildi. <\/span>27 m y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki Fortunaportal, orijinal\u00a0 Sakson kumta\u015f\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>Portal\u0131n kubbesi, portala ad\u0131n\u0131 veren servet tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Fortuna’y\u0131\u00a0tasvir eden bir heykelle ta\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a0\u0130nce bir bak\u0131r levhadan ve son olarak alt\u0131n kaplamadan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a02,15 metre uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kemerin her iki taraf\u0131nda Minerva ve Herk\u00fcl’\u00fc\u00a0temsil eden heykel bulunur.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. Eski Belediye Binas\u0131 (Altes Rathaus)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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(Foto\u011frafta soldan sa\u011fa: Eski Belediye Binas\u0131, Potsdam M\u00fczesi,\u00a0Knobelsdorff Evi)<\/p>\n

\u0130lk belediye binas\u0131 1524’te in\u015fa edildi. Ancak on iki y\u0131l sonra t\u00fcm belgelerle birlikte 24 Haziran 1536’daki b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nda yok oldu. <\/span>Ard\u0131ndan iki kez tekrar in\u015fa edildi.<\/p>\n

1730’lu y\u0131llarda Belediye Binas\u0131’n\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131na bir dizi ev yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak bunlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun s\u00fcrmedi.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

1750’li y\u0131llarda Kral II. Friedrich (B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich) buralar\u0131 yenilemek istedi. Diren\u00e7 g\u00f6steren biri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda (Knobelsdorff Evi)\u00a0<\/b>hepsi y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>Onlar\u0131n yerine yeni binalar geldi.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

1755 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kez Belediye Binas\u0131, \u0130talyan bir binadan esinlenerek Barok tarz\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak hapishane olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda restore edilmi\u015f ve 1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda bina kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 \u015eimdi de k\u00fclt\u00fcr etkinlikleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir merkez durumundad\u0131r. Knobelsdorff Evi ile aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flayan modern bir bina olan Potsdam M\u00fczesi’ne de ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bina Korint s\u00fctunlar\u0131 ile desteklenmi\u015ftir. Basamakl\u0131 bir kule ve s\u0131rt\u0131nda d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Atlas heykeli bulunur.\u00a0<\/span>Mitolojiye g\u00f6re Atlas koca Tanr\u0131 Zeus ile sava\u015fmak isteyince Zeus taraf\u0131ndan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve omuzlar\u0131nda d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maya mahkum edilmi\u015ftir. Atlas heykeli yald\u0131zl\u0131 kur\u015funla yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan 2 y\u0131l sonra yere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bu sefer yald\u0131zl\u0131 bak\u0131r ile yap\u0131lan\u00a0heykel\u00a0ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Knobelsdorff Evi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar\u0131 von Knobelsdorff’tur. Mimar burada hi\u00e7 oturmam\u0131\u015f ama evin ismi kendi ismi ile an\u0131l\u0131r olmu\u015ftur. Potsdam’\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fc heykelt\u0131ra\u015f\u0131 Benkert, evin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 heykel tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meydan\u0131n temel Roma temas\u0131na uygun olarak \u00fc\u00e7 Roma Tanr\u0131 ve Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131; Flora (\u00e7i\u00e7ek Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131), Pomona (meyva ve bah\u00e7e Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131) ve Vertumnus (mevsim, de\u011fi\u015fim Tanr\u0131s\u0131). G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Potsdam K\u00fclt\u00fcr Evi’nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. Aziz Nikolas Kilisesi (Nikolaikirche)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Potsdam’daki Eski Belediye Binas\u0131’n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki kilise 1830-37 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Schinkel taraf\u0131ndan planlanarak in\u015fa edilen Neoklasik bir binad\u0131r. (Mimar\u0131n di\u011fer eserleri aras\u0131nda Berlin’deki Konzerthaus ve Altes M\u00fczesi bulunur.)\u00a0<\/span>Bu etkileyici yap\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan \u00f6zelli\u011fi 77 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki kubbesidir.<\/span>\u00a0\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar nedeniyle 1981 y\u0131l\u0131nda restore edilmi\u015f ve ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaman zaman konserlere de ev sahipli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

Kilisenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde bir dikilita\u015f bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

6. Dikilita\u015f (Obelisk)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eski pazar, 1750’lerde B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich\u00a0emriyle bug\u00fcnk\u00fc halini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a0Kral, d\u00fcnyaya \u00f6nem veriyor ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da uluslararas\u0131 mimariyi birlikte kullanmak istiyordu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mimar Knobelsdorff\u00a0\u0130talya’ya yap\u0131lan bir yolculuk s\u0131ras\u0131nda\u00a0Romal\u0131lar\u0131n M\u0131s\u0131r’dan getirdi\u011fi dikilita\u015flar\u0131 fark etti.<\/span>\u00a0Onu Potsdam’\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 atmosferine eklemeye karar verdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

7. Barberini M\u00fczesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

1771-1772 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen Barberini Saray\u0131, 1945 Nisan’\u0131nda bir hava sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve 1948’de y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeniden in\u015fa edilen yap\u0131 Barberini M\u00fczesi olarak 2017’de\u00a0 hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/sup><\/p>\n

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8. Film M\u00fczesi (Filmmuseum)<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fcze muhte\u015fem barok bir binada bulunuyor.<\/span>\u00a0Kal\u0131c\u0131 sergi \u201cR\u00fcya fabrikas\u0131-Babelsberg’de 100 y\u0131ll\u0131k film\u201d ile m\u00fcze, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski film fabrikas\u0131 olan Babelsberg film st\u00fcdyolar\u0131n\u0131n uzun tarihini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

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9. Frans\u0131z Protestan Kilisesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mimar Knobelsdorff’un eseridir. 1753’de\u00a0yava\u015f yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Frans\u0131z Reform toplulu\u011fu i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span>\u00a0II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda\u00a0\u015fehrin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan bu yana, tarihi kent b\u00f6lgesindeki en eski hayatta kalan kilise olmu\u015ftur. Panteon’a benzer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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10. Aziz Peter ve Paul Kilisesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mevcut kilise 1870 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Potsdam semtine\u00a0ve kentte bulunan Katolik askerlere hizmet etmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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11. Nauener Kap\u0131s\u0131 (Nauener Tor)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nauener Tor, Hollanda Mahallesi’nin yak\u0131n\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/span>\u00a0Askerler, t\u00fcccarlar, esnaf ve idareciler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0<\/span>Bug\u00fcn, Nauener Tor’un \u00f6n\u00fcndeki meydan; kafe, restoran ve barlar\u0131n yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lgedir. Tramvaylar\u00a0<\/span>do\u011frudan Nauener Tor \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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12. Hollanda Mahallesi (Hollandisches Viertel)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hollandal\u0131\u00a0mimar Boumann’\u0131n\u00a0y\u00f6netimindeki ikinci \u015fehir a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda\u00a01737-1742\u00a0y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen mahalle, I. Friedrich (Asker Kral)\u00a0<\/span>h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde planlanm\u0131\u015f ve in\u015faat\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a01740 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frederick William’\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yerine ge\u00e7en o\u011flu II. Friedrich taraf\u0131ndan babas\u0131n\u0131n planlar\u0131na g\u00f6re tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Barok tarz\u0131nda evlerden olu\u015fan mahalle Hollanda mimarisinin Hollanda d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck biti\u015fik mimari toplulu\u011fu ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr an\u0131t\u0131\u00a0olarak kabul edilir. Beyaz renkli\u00a0<\/span>kepenkli pencereler, kap\u0131lar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcsleme detaylar\u0131na sahip, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 tu\u011flal\u0131 134 evden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

13. Yeni Bah\u00e7e (Neuer Garten)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7e, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras Alan\u0131 \u201cPotsdam ve Berlin Saray ve Parklar\u0131”n\u0131 i\u00e7eren topluluklardan birisidir. Heiliger G\u00f6l\u00fc’n\u00fcn k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda yer al\u0131r ve 253 d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck bir alan\u0131 kaplar.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f \u00fccreti 12 euro. (2018)<\/span><\/p>\n

II. Friedrich 1787’den ba\u015flayarak bu alan\u0131 yeni bir bah\u00e7e olacak \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fti.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sonra 1816’da III. Friedrich zaman\u0131nda Lenne ihmal edilmi\u015f bah\u00e7eyi yeniden tasarlad\u0131. <\/span>Duygusal stilde muhte\u015fem bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan bah\u00e7e, k\u0131rsal bir \u0130ngiliz arazisinin tarz\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmak amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span> Bah\u00e7ede ku\u015f sesleri aras\u0131nda ye\u015fillikler i\u00e7inde bisiklet kullanmak paha bi\u00e7ilemez.<\/p>\n

14. Limonluk (Orangeria)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeni Bah\u00e7enin g\u00fcney kesiminde, mermer saraydan 250 metre uzakl\u0131kta, Carl Gotthard Langhans’\u0131n\u00a0tasar\u0131m\u0131 ile 1791-1793 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0\u00a0Bitki salonlar\u0131 egzotik bitkilerin depolanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

15. Mermer Saray (Marmorpalais)<\/strong><\/p>\n

II. Friedrich bah\u00e7e i\u00e7inde Mermer Saray yapt\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 tu\u011flal\u0131 saray,\u00a0kare planl\u0131 iki katl\u0131 bir binad\u0131r. Ad\u0131n\u0131 cephesinde bulunan gri ve beyaz Silezya mermerinden\u00a0alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6l kenar\u0131ndaki saray\u0131n \u00e7evresinde bir\u00e7ok zarif s\u00fctun bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a016.<\/strong> Sanssouci Park\u0131 ve Saray\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

(Sans-souci umursamaz demek)<\/p>\n

Sanssouci Park ve Saray\u0131; s\u0131kl\u0131kla “Prusya Versay’\u0131” olarak an\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Voltaire, Sanssouci Saray\u0131’nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok g\u00fczel bah\u00e7enin, binan\u0131n ve sanat eserinin bulundu\u011fu bir yerdir. <\/span>Yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 hektarl\u0131k bir alan\u0131 kaplar ve 2 kilometreden uzun bir do\u011fu-bat\u0131 eksenine sahiptir. Burada 250 y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcredir en\u00a0geli\u015fmi\u015f bah\u00e7e tasar\u0131m\u0131 yapan, zaman\u0131n\u0131n en yetkin mimar ve heykelt\u0131ra\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Terasl\u0131 bah\u00e7eleri ve \u00e7e\u015fmeleri ile \u00fcnlenmi\u015f. 1000’den fazla heykel bulunuyor.\u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Sanssouci Saray\u0131 1745 y\u0131l\u0131nda B\u00fcy\u00fck Frederick taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan eskizlere dayan\u0131larak in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. 2 senede tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7ta, merkezdeki eliptik kubbeli ve her iki ucunda dairesel odalar bulunan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ama g\u00f6rkemli\u00a0 tek katl\u0131 muhte\u015fem Rococo bina\u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7e cephesi zengin al\u00e7\u0131 s\u00fcslemelere sahiptir.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sonra Saray Kral IV. Friedrich taraf\u0131ndan iki kanat daha geni\u015fletilmi\u015f.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
Bah\u00e7eler terasl\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde konumland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n<\/article>\n

Arka tarafta ise Korint s\u00fctunlarla \u00e7evrili Grand Courtyard (B\u00fcy\u00fck Avlu) bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Filozof Kral B\u00fcy\u00fck Friedrich al\u00e7ak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir insanm\u0131\u015f. Bir tac\u0131 “sadece ya\u011fmurun i\u00e7eri girmesine izin veren bir \u015fapka\u201d diye tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 ile \u00fcnl\u00fc.\u00a0<\/span>Mezar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fdaki en \u00fcst terasta,\u00a0\u0131ss\u0131z bir yerde olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f. “Orada olaca\u011f\u0131m zaman, umurumda olmayaca\u011f\u0131m” demi\u015f. Saray\u0131n isminde oldu\u011fu gibi umursamaz bir Kral. Ancak 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda istedi\u011fi yere defnedilebilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

<\/article>\n

17. Tarihi Yel De\u011firmeni<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saray\u0131n hemen kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hikayesini bir\u00e7o\u011fumuz biliriz.<\/p>\n

\n

Art\u0131k Prusya Kral\u0131 olan B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00a0 Friedrich, Potsdam Ormanlar\u0131\u2019nda gezinirken bir de\u011firmenin bulundu\u011fu tepenin yan\u0131ndaki al\u00e7ak bir tepe \u00fcst\u00fcnde durur ve de\u011firmeni sat\u0131n alarak yerine \u015fan\u0131na yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r muhte\u015fem bir saray yapt\u0131rmak ister. Hemen yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 de\u011firmenin sahibini bulur ve araziyi de\u011firmenle birlikte kendisinden almak isterler. Ancak de\u011firmenci araziyi vermeye raz\u0131 olmaz. Bunun \u00fczerine askerler de\u011firmenciyi kral\u0131n huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Kral, de\u011firmenciye bakar.<\/p>\n

\u201cArazine bir saray yapt\u0131rmak istiyorum.\u201d der.<\/p>\n

\u0130kna etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nce de\u011firmene de\u011ferinin kat kat \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir mebla\u011f \u00f6demeyi teklif eder. Fakat de\u011firmenci, kral ne kadar para verirse versin, bu sat\u0131\u015fa bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc raz\u0131 olmaz. Kral, teklif etti\u011fi onca paraya ra\u011fmen de\u011firmeni sat\u0131n alamay\u0131nca sinirlenir ve \u201cSen benim Prusya Kral\u0131 Friedrich oldu\u011fumu bilmiyor musun yoksa?\u201d diye g\u00fcrler.\u00a0 De\u011firmenci hi\u00e7 alttan almaz. \u201cBiliyorum\u201d der. \u201cSenin kral oldu\u011funu biliyorum. Ama ben de bu de\u011firmenin ve arazinin sahibi Sans-Souci\u2019yim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kral iyice k\u00f6p\u00fcr\u00fcr ve \u201cMadem benim kim oldu\u011fumu biliyorsun, o halde zorla alabilece\u011fimi de biliyor olmal\u0131s\u0131n. Bakal\u0131m o zaman ne yapacaks\u0131n? Benim binlerce askerim var. Senin kimin var?\u201d der.<\/p>\n

De\u011firmenci bu s\u00f6z \u00fczerine hi\u00e7 tela\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fmeden tarihe ge\u00e7en o \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yler:<\/p>\n

\u201cBerlin\u2019de hakimler var. Ben de onlara g\u00fcveniyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kral bu cevap \u00fczerine hem deh\u015fet hem de iftihar duyar. Islah etti\u011fi mahkemelerin adaletine, kendi aleyhine bile olsa g\u00fcvenildi\u011fini anlar ve tarihe ge\u00e7en \u015fu \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yler:<\/p>\n

“Hi\u00e7bir g\u00fc\u00e7, hi\u00e7bir \u0130KT\u0130DAR, kral dahi olsa ADALETTEN \u00dcST\u00dcN DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kral II. Friedrich bu yel de\u011firmeninin, Prusya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 devam ettik\u00e7e korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ister ve onun daha alt\u0131nda olan tepeye saray\u0131n\u0131 diker ve ad\u0131n\u0131 da Sans-Souci Saray\u0131<\/strong> koyar. Saray ve de\u011firmen yan yana. Kral ve de\u011firmenci adaletle kom\u015fu oluyor. \u200bSabahlar\u0131 II. Friedrich arka bah\u00e7eye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011firmenci sesleniyor;<\/p>\n

“Hey Friedrich, ekmek yapt\u0131m g\u00f6ndereyim mi?”<\/p>\n

\u200bII. Friedrich diyor ki; \u201cADALET HER SABAH bana, SICAK B\u0130R EKMEK kokusuyla gelirdi.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

18. Limonluk (Orangeria, Orangery Saray\u0131)<\/strong><\/div>\n
\n

1851-1864 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda “Tahttaki Romantik” lakapl\u0131 Kral IV. Friedrich’in\u00a0emri \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130talyan tarz\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen yap\u0131, parkta in\u015fa edilen son bina oldu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n

19. Apollon Heykeli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saray\u0131n bah\u00e7esinde ok\u00e7u Apollon heykeli.<\/p>\n

Antik Yunan mitolojisinde m\u00fczi\u011fin, g\u00fczel sanatlar\u0131n, \u015fiirin, ate\u015fin ve kehanetin tanr\u0131s\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nan Apollon’un kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksesuarlar\u00a0ok, yay, lir, karga ve defne yapra\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Apollon okunu en uza\u011fa f\u0131rlatabilen bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
20. Yeni Saray (Neues Palais)<\/strong><\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bina, Sanssouci Saray\u0131’ndan 22 y\u0131l sonra 1769’da tamamland\u0131. Kral II. Friedrich taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son b\u00fcy\u00fck Prusya Barok Saray olarak kabul edilir. Parktaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck sarayd\u0131r. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 tu\u011fla ve kumta\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131larak in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Bak\u0131r bir kubbeye sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Saray\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kendisi ile ayn\u0131 tarzda tasarlanan bu bina, kraliyet mutfaklar\u0131, kamu hizmetleri, bah\u00e7\u0131vanlar\u0131n d\u00fckkanlar\u0131, saray muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 ve hizmet\u00e7ilerine ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131.<\/span>\u00a0Bug\u00fcn, binalar Potsdam \u00dcniversitesi\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a021. \u00c7in Evi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

G\u00f6rkemli \u00c7in Evi, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avrupa’daki \u00c7in modas\u0131n\u0131n etkileyici bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/span> Johann Gottfried B\u00fcring taraf\u0131ndan II. Friedrich’e b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bah\u00e7e evi olarak in\u015fa edilmi\u015f.
\nK\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f cephesi, tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya da gruplar halinde yald\u0131zl\u0131,\u00a0s\u00fctunlarla uyumlu egzotik karakteri olan \u00c7in m\u00fczisyenleri ve \u00e7ay i\u00e7enleridir.\u00a0\u0130\u00e7 duvarlar\u0131 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l porselenlerini sergileyen yald\u0131zl\u0131 konsollarla bezenmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/div>\n
Art\u0131k otele d\u00f6nme ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanma vakti geldi. Bu g\u00fczel parka, g\u00fczel \u015fehre veda ediyoruz.<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

4. G\u00fcn: 1 May\u0131s 2018\u00a0Sal\u0131 Almanya Berlin gezimizin 4. g\u00fcn\u00fc Potsdam’a gidiyoruz. Brandenburg eyaletinin ba\u015fkenti Potsdam, Berlin’in 40 kilometre g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131nda, Havel Nehri ve Heiliger G\u00f6l\u00fc k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan saraylar ve parklar\u0131yla cennetten bir k\u00f6\u015fe. Potsdam, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 listesinde bulunan bir \u015fehir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2603,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[273],"tags":[276,288,279,280,275,282,277,285,281,283,278,284,274,286,287],"class_list":["post-2610","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-potsdam","tag-altes-rathaus","tag-apollon-heykeli","tag-barberini-muzesi","tag-filmmuseum","tag-fortunaportal","tag-hollandisches-viertel","tag-knobelsdorff-evi","tag-marmorpalais","tag-nauener-kapisi","tag-neuer-garten","tag-nikolaikirche","tag-orageria","tag-potsdam","tag-sanssouci","tag-tarihi-yel-degirmeni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2610"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6348,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2610\/revisions\/6348"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yeryuzundebirkacadim.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}